A Critical Evaluation Of The Role Of Public Policy Essay

A critical evaluation of the role of public policy, strategies and initiatives in helping to address alcohol misuse within England In the last 50 years the United Kingdom (UK) has gone from having one of the lowest alcohol consumption levels in Europe to being one of the few countries in Europe where alcohol consumption is actually increasing (Home Office, 2012). In response to this, in March 2012, the Government published its strategy for tackling alcohol misuse in the UK (Home Office, 2012). The WHO had, in 2010, produced a global strategy for tackling alcohol related harm and the Government’s strategy links back to several of the WHO recommendations for national action, for example, tackling pricing, advertising, and availability of alcohol (WHO, 2016). Public health interventions may be delivered at three different levels: structural level, local level, and individual level, and the Government strategy makes recommendations for each of these levels. At the structural level the Government recommends initiatives targeting pricing of alcohol, and its advertising, together with cooperative working with th e alcohol industry to promote more responsible drinking. At the local level, more power is given to local authorities regarding provision of services as well as the licensing of premises, imposing restrictions on the sale of alcohol and a levy on late night trading premises; and at the individual level individuals will be encouraged to drink responsibly and provided withShow MoreRelatedInternal Controls And Internal Control1466 Words   |  6 PagesInternal controls refers to all the policies and the processes used by the management to safeguard the assets of an organization from mysterious loss and to ensure reliability as well as the integrity of the financial information provided by the accounting section (Pickett, 2013). In addition, internal controls work towards ensuring that the management is in possession of accurate, complete, and timely financial information so as to monitor the progress and enhance the business decision making processRead MoreStrategic Process970 Words à ‚  |  4 Pagesthe stages thoroughly investigated against internal and external factors of the organization. The formulation stage is critical in identifying a roadmap for an organization. At this stage, there are usually senior executives or policy makers. Once their work is complete the strategy is cascaded down for implementation usually to line managers and public officials in the case of policy decisions who implement according their understanding and interpretation of the main aims and objectives of the strategyRead MorePhysical Inactivity And Its Impact On Individual Level Behavioral Interventions783 Words   |  4 Pagesprogress in identifying the role of policymaking in creating population-wide health improvements (Brownson et al., 2007; Eyler et al., 2010; Frank Kavage, 2009; Humpel, Owen, Leslie, 2002). Fundamentally, the links between modifying the social and built environment on the determinants and causes of physical inactivity have been solidly established in the e mpirical literature (Kahn et al., 2002). As a result of the increasing evidence of the effectiveness of such public policy interventions, the CenterRead MoreReview of Literature1273 Words   |  6 Pages(Hosseini, Torab, Taghdisi, Vardanjani, 2013). Nurses play a critical role in health promotion for patients, family, and community because we provide direct patient care and are able to see the whole picture of the client’s situation. The population of people with chronic illness is increasing and the health care needs of clients is trending in an upward fashion (Jadelhack, 2012). As members of the health care field, it is critical that nurses take a proactive approach in preventing the increasingRead MoreRoles Of Public And Public Policy1418 Words   |  6 PagesRoles of Public Administrators in the Policy Process The formulation and implementation of public policy benefit the public. Therefore, public policy is a framework whereby the government pursues its action plan. Moreover, it is a course of action aimed at responding to a problem and achieving a goal. Consequently, the formulation of a policy adheres to a particular political process, and it is enforced and implemented by a public agency. As stated, public policy affects the public, meaning thatRead MorePrinciple 3 : Systems Strengthening System Of The Health Care System That Support A Sustainable Routine Immunization Program1550 Words   |  7 Pagesimmunization program. Weak vaccination programs are the result of weak health systems. If the cold chain is not maintained properly, then vaccines cannot be assured to be potent and viable. If proper waste disposal procedures are not in place, then the public is put at unnecessary risk. If training for health workers is inadequate, then children will not receive the vaccines they need at the time they need them and under the conditions they need them. If disease surveillance to understand disease burdenRead MorePolicies and Politics of Government in Charge of a Public Agency646 Words   |  3 PagesPolicies and Politics of Government in Change of a Public Agency: Government policy can be described as the declaration that defines the objective of the priorities and goals of the government. Since these policies outline the rules, role, and procedures, they develop a framework in which the government and its citizens can carry out their specific duties. The public policies are created by all governmental levels and target the entire population or particular groups. The process of developingRead MoreA Fellowship At Schaefer Centre Of Public Policy875 Words   |  4 PagesIt is with great enthusiasm that I apply for a fellowship at Schaefer Centre of Public Policy Insti at the University of Baltimore. After researching a few universities, I found the university appealing for its track record of academic excellence, mentorship and its proximity to Washington DC, the hub of public policy. My inspiration to study public administration stems from, my vision to become an agent of change, a change that will not only better the lives of women and children butRead MorePolicy Officer Personal Statement1059 Words   |  5 PagesPolicy Officer Position Number: 512167 Selection Criteria: Experience in, or the ability to acquire specific knowledge of, the health and human services and government relations and policy development I have worked for approximately 20 years as a government and health care employee and during this time I have researched, reviewed, and authored policies of varying levels of complexity. As a mid-level manager for the Department of Health, I was responsible for leading multiple policy teams responsibleRead MoreRoles Of Advanced Practice Nurses1358 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The roles of advanced practice nurses have been an ongoing debate in many states. In a globalized world, advance nurse leaders are regarded as forefront leaders that provide first-rate healthcare to the public. However, the role of new advanced practice nurses is known to be complex. Advance practice nurses use countless different strategies and nursing theories to improve the wellbeing of their patient. To improve the well being of all patients, there is a growing demand for advance

Renaissance And Reformation, 1350-1600 - 1879 Words

Name: Tutor’s Name: Subject: Date: Renaissance and Reformation, 1350-1600 Renaissance was a time that began in 1300, during the last middle age and ended in during the late 1500s but correctly marked the period of the European history. The word in French meant ‘rebirth’ of the European civilization. The Reformation was the break from the Catholic Church and the birth of Lutheranism or Protestant that was championed by Martin Luther King. The essay will focus on the origin of Renaissance and Reformation explaining the intellectual and artistic renaissance. It will also explain the Protestant Reformation and the spread of Protestant and the Catholic response. The Renaissance The Renaissance began with the emanation of a secular worldview†¦show more content†¦It was successful due to military invasions in Italy, and the end of the war between England and France also that took place over hundreds of years aided people to settle and focus on issues than the conflicts and wars. The Intellectual Renaissance Some of the features that supported the progress of the Renaissance were the intellectual movement, the printing press, music, literature, art, science, economic and society, geography and religion. The printing press demanded the perfect recreation of texts as well as the renovated focus on researching them assisted in triggering the greatest discoveries in the entire history of humanity; printing of movable type (Stephens and John, 2014). Johannes Gutenberg that allowed modern culture to grow developed the printing in 1440. McKay et al. (2011), in the combined volumes depict that the most widespread change in society during this era was the collapse of the feudalism and the rise of the capitalist economy. The Black Death had caused the decrease of labor and increased trade and giving rise to middle-class people working for wages to earn a good living condition, therefore the end of serfdom (Tomlinson and Gary, 3). Rulers also realized that having money could maintain their power by instead of relying on allegiances; they were able to keep more knights in service as well as peasants. Humanistic matters brought back the traditional principles of comedies and tragedies such as the Shakespeare’s work to beShow MoreRelatedThe Impact of Renaissance on the Present1204 Words   |  5 Pagesthe result of cultural and societal changing events, which transpired throughout the years 1350-1600. During the period known today as the â€Å"Renaissance† (1350-1600), the world of art, the boundaries of marriage, and secular viewpoints were forever revolutionized, through the development and spread of â€Å"Renaissance Humanism†, which today, still affects modern day life. (Knox 1999) The Renaissance (1350-1600), named from the French word meaning â€Å"rebirth†, began in Florence Italy, spreading throughRead MoreRenaissance Art And Art953 Words   |  4 Pagesbelieve that art expands during the Renaissance in Europe in 1350 to 1600. Creating changes and effects in literature, philosophy, politics, economic, social, religion, and art. The development that I choose that I felt that help contribute the manufacture of visual culture was Religion. Religion had a big impact in this era, if it wasn’t for religion we would of never experience new beliefs (the type of church), art, and control over society. Before the Renaissance era happens, the Catholic ChurchRead MoreThe Black Death Of Europe1231 Words   |  5 Pagesthat came from this epidemic it would not be seen as such an important part of not only the fourteenth century but in all of history (Benedictow, 2005). For the European society at the time of the black death led many contemporaries against the renaissance to believe that this was â€Å"divine punishment for a misbehaving populace† (Wilson, 2001), meaning that the reason behind the sudden influx of death in Europe was due to the way that society began to change and evolve from the old fashioned contemporaryRead MoreJohn Wycliffe Research Paper1745 Words   |  7 PagesThe Morning Star of Inspiration John Wycliffe was a 14th-century English philosopher, theologian, and religious reformer, whose egalitarian ideas and beliefs laid the foundation for the Protestant Reformation. As Peter W. Williams notes in the World Book Advanced, Wycliffe was born sometime between 1320 and 1330 A.D. in Yorkshire, England, and was educated at Balliol College, University of Oxford (Williams). According to Alessandro Conti in his entry in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, JohnRead More The Forgotten Time of the Middle Ages Essay2171 Words   |  9 PagesUniversity. He is noted for his studies about the history of culture and science of Renaissance Europe. In his paper, Dating history: the Renaissance the reformation of chronology, he first talked about the science of geography that was revolutionized by European explorers in the fifteenth and sixteenth century. As Grafton argued that â€Å"While the western understanding of geography expanded during the Renaissance, then, the traditional da ting of the past and future remained curiously narrow-mindedRead MoreEssay on Economic Effects of the Black Plague in England1748 Words   |  7 Pagesfordham.edu/halsall/seth/ordinance- labourers.asp Thrisk, Joan, Alternative Agriculture : A History From the Black Death to the Present Day Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. Wilson, Norman J., World Eras: The European Renaissance and Reformation (1350-1600), Detroit, Mich: Gale Group, 2001. Read MoreThe Medieval Period in England3460 Words   |  14 Pagesoverview of the Medieval period The term Medieval derives from the Latin words medium aevum meaning the Middle Ages. The Middle Ages are so called as the middle period between the decline of the Roman Empire and prior to the period called the Renaissance. The early Middle Ages are often referred to as the Dark Ages. The period and era of the Medieval times span 1066 - 1485. [pic] [pic] The Medieval Times encompass one of the most turbulent periods in the History of England and scatter the MedievalRead MoreBranches of Philosophy8343 Words   |  34 Pagesthe word sophist (from sophoi), which was used to describe wise men, teachers of rhetoric, who were important in Athenian democracy. The history of philosophy is customarily divided into six periods: Ancient philosophy, Medieval philosophy, Renaissance philosophy, Early and Late Modern philosophy and Contemporary philosophy. [edit] Ancient philosophy (c. 600 B.C.–c. A.D. 500) |[pic] |Constructs such as ibid., op. cit. and loc. cit. are discouraged by Wikipedias style guide for footnotes

Acadamic Misconduct Free Essays

Academic misconduct is described as academic integrity violation for the unfair advantage of oneself or unfair academic advantage or disadvantage to others in academic community, academic misconduct can be a plagiarism, cheating, and collusion but not limited. The other academic misconduct activities such as not obeying academic staff directions regarding assessments and group work submissions, falsifying reports, having/spreading examination materials without unit teacher permission, arranging someone to do assessment work all these included as academic misconduct. If an allegation arises towards a student and if it’s proven in an investigation then student has to face penalties under student academic misconduct policy. We will write a custom essay sample on Acadamic Misconduct or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this essay we going to discuss in brief about plagiarism, cheating, collusion and academic misconduct procedural process depending on minor or substantial misconduct when allegations arise and appeal for the student. As per UWS policy Plagiarism is defined as an â€Å"act of presenting material as one’s own without appropriate acknowledgement that constitutes plagiarism, not the intension of the student when doing so†, for example when student submits work in which words or ideas are presented as their own as intentional or unintentional without proper acknowledgment of the original author such as website, other students work, lecture, journal article or book. Cheating is described as any attempt to give or obtain assistance in a formal academic exercise such as examination, without due acknowledgment such as speaking to other students during examination, carrying any information materials such as textbooks, using electronics devices such as mobile, Bluetooth any other items which are prohibited by examination supervisor. Collusion is where two or more people engage in plagiarism, cheating or encourage others to do so. According to UWS Academic misconduct policy there are Minor misconduct and substantial misconduct. A Minor misconduct is determine by the university as a minimal threat to integrity of the student assessment in writing such as lack of referencing or academic requirements. A substantial misconduct is determine by the university as a major threat to integrity such as, when a student repeats minor misconduct activities intentionally, any allegations in the examination and any allegations related to collusion. In the process of investigating the allegations unit teacher, unit coordinator, Dean, school academic committee and student academic committee will be involved. in the first stage of Investigation process and hearing of academic misconduct, If unit teacher or examination supervisor believe that there is any academic misconduct happened, and they have evidence or reasons to support, teacher of the unit will report to unit coordinator with relevant documentation by signed copy or email, then with in five working days unit coordinator will send copy of allegation to the Dean. The dean, will advise unit coordinator to do investigation, and then unit coordinator and unit teacher decides to do further investigation, unit teacher will notify the student and invite for meeting in writing by post and email. Student can attend meeting with fellow student or university academic staff member or a student welfare officer. Meeting will be organised between 8 – 15 working days after on invitation letter despatch date. Student must respond to the invitation with in seven working days date of despatch whether he / she will attend the meeting or not. The decision will be made on the allegation even in the student absence. If unit coordinator decides that the allegation is not substantial he / she will dismiss it. Other penalties like refer to academic counselling, student require to re-submit assessment task after re-submission unit coordinator makes a decision on the marks and grades student may get zero marks. If the unit coordinator determine its substantial he/ she will be referred to relevant dean for decision. After going through all the process as discussed earlier in which case the unit coordinator will send the invitation letter to student for meeting with dean. After meeting if dean decides it’s not substantial dean will dismiss the allegation. When dean decides the allegations substantial then dean can penalise student such as recommend to counselling, ask for re-submission of work, if required student has to sit for exam again, dean will decide marks and grades. If dean judges that the allegation very substantial or too serious then dean refers that allegation to SAC (student academic committee). After going all the process as discussed above, student will have meeting with SAC members. After meeting if SAC decides if allegation are true it will take any action of dean penalties or combination of them, or suspend the student from university minimum period of 6months not more than 12 months, or dismiss the student for minimum of 12 months not more than 24 months in this case student has to apply for readmission or SAC can suspend the student permanently from the university. A student can appeal against the unit coordinators decision when student considers that the decision was made against the procedural fairness or when student not agreeing with allegations or when student considers that there is a substantial new evidence which was not available previously to unit coordinator or when student considers the penalty imposed by unit coordinator was too severe. Student must appeal within 15 days with evidence in writing to dean from the date of the letter advising of unit coordinators decision. It is the responsibility of every student to respect and obey the policy of UWS for academic misconduct to maintain academic integrity among academic community, when allegations were proven the student has to face severe penalties imposed by university academic committee besides the appeal options for student, The best option for students is to work hard on their own and get help when needed from academic teachers before submitting any academic work. How to cite Acadamic Misconduct, Essay examples

A Comparison Of Biographic Features In The Sun Also Rises And The Grea Essay Example For Students

A Comparison Of Biographic Features In The Sun Also Rises And The Grea Essay t GatsbyTrevor BenderMrs. WatkinsAP Lit. and CompApril 12th, 2001The writers F. Scott Fitzgerald and Ernest Hemingway included biographical information in their novels The Great Gatsby and The Sun Also Rises that illuminated the meaning of the work. Although The Sun Also Rises is more closely related to actual events in Hemingways life than The Great Gatsby was to events in Fitzgeralds life, they both take the same approach. They both make use of non-judgemental narrators to comment on the lost generation. This narrator allows Fitzgerlald and Hemingway to write about their own society. Fitzgerlald comments on the jaded old-wealth society of the Eastern United States and the corruption of the American Dream. Hemingway comments on the effects of World War I on the lost generation and the hope for the future in the next generation. By adding biographical features into their novels both Fitzgerald and Hemingway are able to give their novels that extra depth because the plot of the novels are more realistic and accurately reflect the society of the times. The story in Fitzgeralds book contains basic ideas from his life, not nessesarily actual events. Several characters have biographical characterization and the novel reflects his own experiences. Hemingways novel, however, is almost entirely based on actual events that happened to Hemingway and a group of his friends. This enhances the realism of The Sun Also Rises. Fitzgerald and The Great GatsbyIn his novel, The Great Gatsby Francis Scott Fitzgerald includes many autobiographical features to enhance and illuminate the themes of the work. Certain main characters like Daisy Buchannon, Jay Gatsby, and the narrator Nick Carraway are representations of actual people from Fitzgeralds life. Fitzgerald makes use of a non-judgemental narrator to simply give the details and leave the anylasis to the reader. However, based on the details, the narrators conclusions are relatively evident. In this novel, Fitzgerald is able to write about his experiences from a different perspective and include his self in both the characters of Jay Gatsby and Nick Carraway. As in many of Fitzgeralds works, he writes about a golden girl1), the desire of every man that he couldnt have. In the case of The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald creates the character of Daisy to fit this discription. In actuality the motivation for Fitzgeralds writing about the golden girl came from real events. Ginevra King was the love of young life.2) In Ginevras eyes, however, Fitzgerald was simply one of the many men in her young life and when it came time she dropped him.3)Most importantly, however, his rejection by Ginevra motivated much of his fiction.4) In The Great Gatsby, Daisy is shown by the end to be a very careless and confused who smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness and let other people clean up the mess they had made.5) This statement from the novel relates to Fitzgeralds own fealings for Ginevra who used him, then dropped him when it came time leaving Francis devastated.6) This rejection shaped Fitzgeralds view of women in general and thus affected his characterization of women. The romance between Fitzgerald and Ginevra King is also given meaning in The Great Gatsby as Ginevra King and Fitzgerald himself came from different social worlds just as Daisy and young poor Gatsby did. In both situations, the woman came from the aristocratic old money rich and the guys were respectivly poor in comparison. Fitzgerald, later in life, was from the middle class and in this way can be compared to the narrator, Nick Carraway. His social situation was the same and this perspective of the relationships between the rich and poor allowed Fitzgerald to write of his own experiences with Ginevra King. As Fitzgerald himself puts it, The whole idea of Gatsby is the unfairness of a poor young man not being able to marry a girl with money.1) An independent percpective of the relationship from the middle class allows Fitzgerald to accomplish this. Nick Carraway is the voice of Fitzgeralds rational self.2) In expressions in the novel, Fitzgerald gives light to his rational self. Thats my Middle West not the wheat or the prairies or the lost Swede towns, but the thrilling returning trains of my youth, and the street lamps and sleigh bells in the frosty dark and shadows of holly wreaths thrown by lighted windows on the snow. I am part of that, a little solemn with the feel of those long winters . . . I see now that this has been a story of the West, after all Tom and Gatsby, Daisy and Jordan and I, were all Westerners, and perhaps we possessed some deficiency in common which made us subtly unadaptable to Eastern life.3)Fitzgerald himself took trains back to the Mid-West at christmas time to celebrate and party.4) In this passage Fitzgerald also tells the truth about his views of Eastern rich society, where he didnt fit in. Landing EssayPedro Romero was developed as one of the main characters in The Sun Also Rises. Interestingly, Pedro was named after the famous eighteenth-century matador Pedro Romero.3) The Pedro from the novel fights in the old manner just as the real Pedro Romero would. His character however, was not based on the real Pedro, but instead a nineteen-year-old matador named Cayetano Ordonez, described as being slim and straight as an arrow.4) More importantly Ordonez, like both the Pedro from the novel and the real Pedro Romero, fought in the old manner and on several bulls he killed recibiendo and was hailed as the Messiah who had come to save bullfighting.5) Pedro Romero was an important symbol of hope in the novel. Ordonez, thinly disquized as Pedro Romero, was beginning to dominate the book6) Another important character in the book, Brett, was based on a real life participant in Hemingways Pamplona, Duff Twysden. Brett and Robert Cohn go on a trip together where they romanced toget her unknown to anyone else. Similarly, Harold Loeb (Robert Cohn) told Ernest that he wanted to relax by the sea at St. Jean-de-Luz before joining the others at Burgette. What he did not reveal was that he had persuaded Duff Twysden to spend a week with him in consummation of their romance.1) He didnt tell Ernest because he was afraid that Ernest might be jealous of learning that Harold had spent a week with Duff. Brett is similar physically to Duff as well. Like Brett, she wore a mans felt hat.2) The scene where Brett recieved the bulls ear from Pedro actually happened, just not to her parallel Duff Twysden. Ordonez gave the ear to Hemingways wife Hadley. She wraped it up in a handkerchief of Don Stewarts, and stored it in a bureau drawer at the pension. As it gradually ripened in the heat of July, Ernest argued that she must either throw it away or cut it up to send in letters to her friends in St. Louis.3) This same event happens in the novel to Brett, who is picked from the crowd by Pedro and presented with the ear as a prize. Similarly as his counterpart Robert Cohn in the novel, Harold Loeb was treated as an outcast due to his relationship with Duff and his constant following her around. In the novel, Mike constantly brandishes Robert with remarks about how he is not wanted and how can he not see that. In Hemingways actual trip, Harold Loeb and Duff slipped away for a drink in one of the small cafes and ended up in a Spanish clubroom where she refused to leave and Harold was forced to leave alone. The next day over the brandy that night, Guthrie suddenly told Harold to get out: he was not wanted.4) Ernest also exploded on him, You lousy bastard, running to a woman. Even while in Spain, Ernest Hemingway began writing The Sun Also Rises, at that time entitled, Fiesta.5) Originally the story was started in Pamplona at the Hotel Montoya, where the characters Jake Barnes and Bill meet Pedro Romero. Later, Hemingway changed the introduction to a start with Paris to provide biographical backgrounds for Brett Ashley, Mike Campbell, and Robert Cohn.1) There is no mistaking that the novel was based on Ernests third trip to Pamplona with a company of his friends and his wife. ConclusionBy providing biographical information in their novels The Great Gatsby and The Sun Also Rises, both F. Scott Fitzgerald and Ernest Hemingway are able to enhance the meaning of their work and provide extra credibility and realism into their plot. Fitzzgerald takes a rejection from his life and uses that idea to expand off from to write a social commentary on the corruption of the American Dream by the old-rich of the Eastern United States. Hemingway takes actual events from his life and used that as a basis for the plot of his novel. This enhanced the theme by describing the effect of World War I on Hemingways generation. English Essays

Lord Of Flies Essays - Social Psychology, Max Weber, Leadership

Lord Of Flies Why do we choose the leaders that we do?: In the following paper, I'm going to attempt to explain why it is that we choose the leaders in which we do. There are many various reasons why we pick certain individuals to lead us. The first one, which is in no relation to Lord of the Flies, is by being appointed. People are often predetermined leaders. One of the most obvious examples of this is royalty. For thousands of years, sons and daughters of royal families are given power when their parents pass on. If both king and queen pass on, and they have no children, then the next closest relative will take power. "In the past, chiefdoms existed in a great number of Polynesian societies on Pacific Ocean islands, such as those that make up what is now Hawaii. Chiefdoms were the first societies to have positions of defined, permanent leadership. Chiefdoms still exist in some places under national governments. For instance, chiefs of the Kpelle of Liberia are political leaders for the country's national districts." Culture," Microsoft? Encarta? Encyclopedia 99. ? 1993-1998 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Another example of an appointed leader is when a leader appoints someone to a position of power. In this day and age, we do this in our own country. The president has the authority to give members of his cabinet jobs that come with power. In the military, Larkin 2 people are constantly advanced in rank. By doing this, they are given more power and put into a position of leadership. However, this isn't the only way people come into power. Many tribes (Indians, African, Eskimo) have different systems of government. Some have several, leaders others have just one. "Within most tribes, all groups commonly have about equal status. Since every person belongs to a descent group, no one person ranks too far above or below another. In some tribes, however, people known as big men might earn a degree of higher status and respect than others by demonstrating bravery or bravado." Culture," Microsoft? Encarta? Encyclopedia 99. ? 1993-1998 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. This was exhibited by both Ralph and Jack. First by Ralph by him electing to search for the "Beastie" on Castle Rock. He knew that in order to keep his place as the leader, he couldn't show fear. After Ralph was on the jetty, realizing that he might loose any chance of power, Jack soon decides to overcome his fear and follow. The second time was when the boys were climbing the cliff, once again to search for the Larkin 3 Beast. This time, Ralph stayed behind and Jack went first. Jack knew that being brave would get him more respect and put him one step closer to being chief. Thus, by showing their bravery, the boys fought for the position of leadership. And then, there's strength. Strength plays a big part in leadership. In humans as well as wild animals. Many animals live in pacts. Within this group are different classes. At the top of the chain is the leader. For example, take the silverback gorilla. The silverback gorilla is the leader of its group because he is able to take control and fight off enemies. If there is a danger, he will confront it. However, if another silverback comes along, challenges the original leader, and wins, the original leader will abandon the group and live a solitary life. At this time, the winner will take over. Strength has over come weakness, and the winning gorilla is rewarded with power. Plus, within the group, there are two other subdominant male gorillas who receive their power based upon their strength. This is common in many other animals. Gorilla Dynamics," Microsoft? Encarta? Encyclopedia 99. ? 1993-1998 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Larkin 4 Leaders can become leaders by using their talent. Their talent of talking. Speeches, convincing the masses, ect. Adolph Hitler was a good speaker. Through his methods, he was able to convince thousands of people to follow him. He brought out peoples passions. Told them what they wanted to hear. Gave them someone to blame for their problems. And by doing this, the people choose him to lead them. They believed in him, his ideas, and, for the most part, many of his methods. We pick our politicians because of what they say. Why did the Republican Party choose over ? Because he was a good speaker. With his words he was able to convince his party that he was the right

Free Essays on Saki- H.H Munro

Hector Hugh Munro Munro was born December 18th, 1870 in A kyab, Burma. â€Å"Hector was not a strong child. The family doctor had declared that Hector probably would not reach adulthood because of his rare illness Malaria. Out of concern for his health his schooling was delayed for many years.† (Http://www.users.bigpond.com/burnside/saki.html) As a child, Munro did not live with his biological parents. Munro’s mother died shortly after his birth, and his dad had no time to raise children in the correct atmosphere because of his job. His father was the Inspector General of Police in Burma. This left him no choice but to ship little Hector, Ethel, and Charles to live with his two aunts and his grandmother in Devon England. H.H Munro never had anyone close to him except his sibling, but his parents were never there for him. (Http://www.trill-home.com/Saki.html) Hector never knew his mother, and moved far away from his father to live with his two aunts at a young age. â€Å"Both aunts lacked the demeanor to raise young children.† (Http://www.trill-home.com/Saki/bio.html) The aunts brought Hector up in poverty, where the people of the upper class wouldn’t respect him. â€Å"Although these aunts were probably well-intentioned, they brought him up in a regime of strictness and severity.† (Http://www.users.bigpond.com/burnside/saki.html) This alone made a huge impact on Hector’s morals. Hector went to many different schools during his childhood. At 12 Hector was sent to Exmouth, the year after his grandmother passed away. Hector’s oldest sibling Charlie also attended Exmouth once. â€Å"Munro spent three memorable years there before moving to Bedford grammar.† (Http://www.users.bipond.... Free Essays on Saki- H.H Munro Free Essays on Saki- H.H Munro Hector Hugh Munro Munro was born December 18th, 1870 in A kyab, Burma. â€Å"Hector was not a strong child. The family doctor had declared that Hector probably would not reach adulthood because of his rare illness Malaria. Out of concern for his health his schooling was delayed for many years.† (Http://www.users.bigpond.com/burnside/saki.html) As a child, Munro did not live with his biological parents. Munro’s mother died shortly after his birth, and his dad had no time to raise children in the correct atmosphere because of his job. His father was the Inspector General of Police in Burma. This left him no choice but to ship little Hector, Ethel, and Charles to live with his two aunts and his grandmother in Devon England. H.H Munro never had anyone close to him except his sibling, but his parents were never there for him. (Http://www.trill-home.com/Saki.html) Hector never knew his mother, and moved far away from his father to live with his two aunts at a young age. â€Å"Both aunts lacked the demeanor to raise young children.† (Http://www.trill-home.com/Saki/bio.html) The aunts brought Hector up in poverty, where the people of the upper class wouldn’t respect him. â€Å"Although these aunts were probably well-intentioned, they brought him up in a regime of strictness and severity.† (Http://www.users.bigpond.com/burnside/saki.html) This alone made a huge impact on Hector’s morals. Hector went to many different schools during his childhood. At 12 Hector was sent to Exmouth, the year after his grandmother passed away. Hector’s oldest sibling Charlie also attended Exmouth once. â€Å"Munro spent three memorable years there before moving to Bedford grammar.† (Http://www.users.bipond....

A respond to this article (from the point of graduate student view) Essay

A respond to this article (from the point of graduate student view) - Essay Example An example is the adoption of the changes such as the technology courses, which keeps on improving and changing. On being internally driven, the education system will enable these courses to be taught in the new high education system. The internally driven education system should focus on accommodating new courses, teaching, researching, and implementing the new education systems. Using this approach will enable the education system have a competitive advantage over other education systems in the world. Most notably, student compelled culture seems as the only alternative to the education system. It involves the commitment to everything that that the students may want to pursue on their path to education. With this mindset, this education system will try to use the students’ research to solve the difficult issues in the system. This involves giving enough attention abilities of the students. While students often make good decisions they also suggest much that is neither implementable nor of good use. Thirdly, the education system can benefit profoundly through building bridges, which joins the different forms of education system. There have been many frustrating efforts done to come up with the best education system. However, through the idea of delivering profitable value, the education system can act on both customary systems and the ultramodern system in order to deliver the best quality to its students. This methodology hiatuses some educationist into thinking they have found some kind of balance, but this approach misses the fundamentals in delivering the quality value among the students. In order to be used, there has to be a real definition of quality education in the system. This description will enable the institutions to make meaningful decisions and set the necessary priorities in all the functions and across all the relevant institutions. In order to achieve a quality education

Parkinson disease Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Parkinson disease - Essay Example The disease causes severe disability and is associated with high morbidity and mortality if untreated (Wirdefeldt, 2). Introduction of levodopa has decreased deaths and disability associated with the disease significantly. In this project, the clinical presentation, epidemiology, risk factors, treatment options and public education of Parkinson disease will be discussed with reference to recent literature. The exact etiology of the disease is yet unclear. It is likely that both genetic and environmental factors play a role in the development of the disease. In about 10 percent of the cases, genetic factors account for the disease development (Bekris, 228). Environmental risk factors include rural environment, exposure to pesticides and herbicides, well water consumption and living in proximity to quarries and industrial plants. Biochemical mechanisms of disease development include 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) accumulation in mitochondria and free radical damage due to dopamines oxidative metabolism (Wirdefeldt, 3). Genetic factors are important in early onset Parkinsons disease rather than in late onset disease type (Bekris, 229). Parkinson disease is a disease of basal ganglia. The main neuropathological findings in this condition are presence of Lewy bodies and loss of dopaminergic neurons that are pigmented in the substantia nigra (Wirdefeldt, 3). The first clinical signs in Parkinson disease are motor signs. The signs are asymmetric. The first clinical symptom in most individuals is asymmetric resting tremor in the upper extremity. Eventually, the patients develop progressive bradykinesia, rigidity and difficulty in gait. Gradually, the axial posture flexes progressively and the strides progressively become shorter. Non-motor clinical symptoms include decrease in olfactory function, rapid eye movement behavior disorder, sleep disturbances, slowness in thinking,

Linguistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Linguistics - Essay Example Additionally, it is structural understanding of knowledge and languages in terms of their differences. This can well be explained by, when one is born; one cannot be able to communicate with adults who are surrounding us, using their language. However, by the time we reach the age of six or seven, we are able to produce sounds, sentences, make rhymes, and understand jokes, among other activities. Therefore, one becomes a good speaker, in which we all have experiences that learning a language has never been easy, especially during the first years of our lives, where we accumulated a broad range of knowledge about the language (Fromkin, 2002, Pg 13-15). According to Akmajian (56-58), language speakers seem to have a wide range of knowledge on their languages, either by knowing or without being aware. Some of us possess the language of sounds, for example, consonants. Linguistics therefore, seeks to investigate how this kind of knowledge is acquired, as well as how it interacts with oth er processes mentally. It also investigates how the knowledge varies from one region to another region, from one person to another, in addition to how specific programs in a computer model the knowledge. Additionally, Linguistics also study the language structure like phrases and sound, in terms of how they can be characterized, and how diverse language components interact with others, like meaning and intonation. They also work with people who converse different languages and designs carefully the experiments on how to answer all the questions on language. Clearly, linguistics is considered as a science. Linguists are people who specialize on specific or different languages, whose main goal is to understand the language nature in general. However, the main goal of linguistic study in academics is to increase understanding and knowledge of the world. Akmajian (56-58) claims that language is essential and universal to all human relations, and knowledge acquired has many applications that are practical. Linguists are prepared to find answers to questions like, how a specific language can be written and analyzed, teaching of foreign languages, speech synthesization, computer programming and how the problems of language can be rectified and analyzed. While studying linguistics, one gets to learn many aspects of the language, sounds structure and their physical properties (Fromkin, 2002, Pg 13-15). Question 2 Phonology and Morphology is one of branch of linguistics but can be explained in different ways. Fromkin (13-15) highlights that phonology is organized study of sounds in language. People who study this branch of linguistics are referred to as phonologists and are concerned with sounds that have contrast in a language but not others. For example, Spanish speakers have a problem of ch and sh and people who speak English have trouble pronouncing â€Å"u† in their French words like Wheel and steel they pronounce as roue. On the other hand, morphology is th e study of formation of words. People who study this particular branch studies questions like, extent to ways words are formed, if they are productive or not. For example, they seek to answer questions like why we say words like amusement and arrival, and what determines the words change, like adding er to adjectives when it comes to making comparisons, like pretty becomes prettier, or getting a computer recognize the roots of words to be separated from their affixes like, crawl, crawls, crawling and crawled. Sentence structure, which includes clauses and phrases enables a clear segmentation into sentences, phrases and clauses. The relationship of these structures with each other forms syntax of domain. Fromkin (13-15) claims that this is the same as morphology, where this syntax does not concern what the meaning of

Evolution of Baking and Pastry Making

Evolution of Baking and Pastry Making SYNOPSIS The purpose of this project was to understand the evolution of baking and pastry making. How it has evolved throughout time, what changes and techniques came that helped in the development of this field and how this profession today is one of the most important professions in the food industry. INTRODUCTION Baking is one of the cooking methods in which the food is baked in ovens using dry heat. Breads are the most commonly baked products, but many other food items can also be baked. When the heat travels from the surface to the centre of the products like cakes, cookies or breads, it forms a stiff crust and a spongy centre and converts the batter or dough’s into baked goods. A combination of baking and barbecue can be created by either cooking twice or one before the other. Masonry oven is one of the concept of baking which is similar to smoke pit concept of barbecuing, therefore baking and barbecuing can be related. Originally baking was done by women at home for their own consumption, then later on men started working in bakeries and restaurants and started baking for local consumption, as the time passed and technologies changed and big machines came into the market the production was industrialized and hence baking was later done by large machines and in huge factories. Breads being the common food are economically as well as culturally very important therefore the nutritive values have to be kept in mind. A professional, baking goods is known as a baker. EVOLUTION OF BAKERY AND PASTRY ARTS WHAT IS BAKING? Cooking by dry heat method in large ovens is known as baking. Apart from cakes, breads and pastries; meats, vegetables, poultry and fish can also be baked. (Adams, 2013) Baking can be done by three methods: Dry Baking The water content in the food rises and forms a steam, the dry heat of the oven and the steam formed combine to cook the food. Example: Pastries, Cakes, and Baked Jacket Potato. Bain Marie While baking, the food is placed in a water container because of which the heat in the oven modifies resulting the slow cooking of food which ensures that the food is not over cooked or over heated. Increased Humidity Baking Humidity of the oven is increased either by placing a bowl of water in the oven or by injecting steam, resulting in the increase of water content in the food and hence the quality of the food is improved. (Anon., 2012) HOW DID IT START? The evidence of baking first took place when the wild grass grains were soaked in water and then everything was mixed together and mashed into a broth like paste. Cooking of this paste was done by pouring it on a flat hot rock and was cooked till it resulted in a bread like substance. Roasting this paste on hot embers made bread making easier, since it could be made any time fire was created. Yeast was previously being used to brew beers, but Ancient Egyptians started using it to bake breads. The art of baking bread began around 600 BC in Ancient Greece which led to an invention of enclosed ovens. The art baking bloomed in the Roman Empire. The occupation of pastry cook was known as the Pastillarium. It was the most respected line of work as pastries were considered most decent, and Romans loved to eat them in festivals and loved to celebrate with them. Hence the baking of pastries started on special occasions and especially for large banquets. Whenever a new treat was invented by any pastry chef they were highly rewarded. Number of pastry chefs increased in Rome during 1 AD. There were 300 pastry chefs at that time. Romans had their own mills to grind grain flour and baked bread in ovens with chimneys. (Gisslen, 2005) BAKING IN MIDDLE AGES Baking as a profession totally disappeared after the collapse of the Roman Empire. It slowly came back in the latter part of middle age as an important business in the service of upper class. Bread making was no more done by homemakers it was continued by professional bakers since the constant tending of the ovens was required. Ovens were usually disconnected from the building due to the possibility of fire, they were generally outside of the city walls. Guilds were setup in France in the 12th century and were called tameliers or sifters, there job was to sift the flour that was sent to them. During that time there were 62 guilds, and they were granted the ownership of manufacturing breads but not beyond the borderlines of Paris. When the bran is sifted with coarse sieves only some part of the bran is removed, white flour is made by sifting the bran with finer sieves which removes either parts of the bran or whole bran. The yield of the white flour is lower since most of the grain is removed while sifting hence the white flour was more expensive. In 1650 CE bakers started buying sifted flour from the mills. The weight, quality and cost of the breads were specifically decided by the royal decree. The loaves which were not of the appropriate weight were confiscated and then given away to the poor. Insurance against illness was also provided by the guilds: each day a loaf or two were handed over to a hospital and priority hospitalization for free was in return guaranteed. Free breads were supplied to the executioner and were placed upside down by the baker who supplied it to them. They were kept upside to ensure the other customers that the hands of the executioner will not get in contact with any other loaves. People started believing that it was inauspicious to keep the bread loafs upside down hence giving rise to a superstition. The word tameliers was soon replaced by Boulanger which comes from the Picardy word Boulenc. The literal meaning of the word Boulanger is ‘one who makes round bread’. (Gisslen, 2005) (Gisslen, 2009) MODERN BAKING AND TECHNOLOGY The time of great technical progress stared in the nineteenth century. With the development of automatic machines the task of the manual labor reduced and because of the development the bakers could perform many more tasks with the machines. Roller Milling was the most important technological development. Before this development milling of grains was done by grinding them between two stones, then the resultant flour had to be bolted of sifted numerous times in order to separate the bran. The manual labor process was very slow and took lot of time but after the invention of Roller Milling the process became more efficient and faster. New availability of flours was another important development of that period, they were grown in the wheat growing areas of North-America. They were higher in proteins than compared to those grown in Northern Europe. This wheat was exported to Europe which led to large-scale production of white breads. Many more technologies developed in the twentieth century. New types of ovens and refrigerators came. Air transportation also played a huge role in the development of baking and pastry making. Transpiration of fresh ingredients around the world became more convenient. Many ingredients that were once rare and expensive are now easily available and reasonably priced because of the Preservation Techniques. Preparation and processing of food can now be done before shipping on behalf of bakeshops and food operations as modern food preservations technology have made it possible. Hence convenience foods have come into existence. Cooking styles and eating habits have changed because of these developments. Evolution of cooking and baking has been going on for hundred years and still continues to. In the later parts of the twentieth century, travelling around the world became easy hence immigrants traveled in Europe and North America, which led to the increase in the taste and awareness for regional dishes. Knowledge about different cuisines grew among the chefs apart from the traditional cuisines of other parts of Europe they learned about the cuisines of Asia, Latin America, and of many more different regions. Different techniques and ingredients of more than one regional cuisine came in use in a single dish and came to be known as Fusion Cuisine, this cuisine can at times yield poor results as it does not belong to any one culture and gets to mixed up. Fusion cuisine was true in 1980s as the idea was fresh and new. (Gisslen, 2009) CONCLUSION The evolution of baking has took centuries to perfect, from the ages of the wild grass paste to the modern ways of bread making machinery. Slowly some of the technique are moving out of the scenario with raising health issue and concerns .People are moving out of the heavy fats and oils, moving into more of lighter fats and healthier flour. The future of baking will me more innovative ovens, healthier and whole grain breads and innovations in the bakeries organizations. LIST OF REFERENCES Adams, A., 2013. Baking. [Online] Available at: http://dairyfreecooking.about.com/od/dairyfreeglossary/g/baking.htm [Accessed 3 january 2014]. Anon., 2012. The Food Tchnology Website. [Online] Available at: http://www.netcomuk.co.uk/~media/bake.htm [Accessed 2 January 2014]. Gisslen, W., 2005. Professional Baking. 4th ed. Hoboken, NEw Jersey: John Wiley Sons, Inc.. Gisslen, W., 2005. Professional Baking. 4th ed. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley Sons, Inc.. Gisslen, W., 2009. Professional Baking. 5th ed. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley Sons, Inc.. Gisslen, W., 2009. Professional Baking. 5th ed. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley Sons, Inc..

Mischels Greenhouse :: Creative Writing Story

Mischels Greenhouse While working at the brand new Mischels Greenhouse I found out it was different from any other job I ever had. It was one of the most responsible jobs so far of my life. Four thousand lives were almost totally in my exchange sisters, Tanya, and my hands. By us watering them daily. Because it was so hot out-side, the greenhouse was stifling. Watering mums was a very tedious job be-cause it was repetitious. I started daily at 9 A.M. my whole day consisted of taking care of Forty thousand mums. They sat on top of many benchtops collecting sun and, heat rays waiting for us to water them. After watering them, John, (My boss), would go behind me and pull flowers. Which means picking out the best plants. Then Tanya and I would pick them up and put them on a rack 5x5 and then shrink wrap them. Shrink-wrapping was mainly my job throughout the day. I would load an 8 foot tall rack then I would wrap the rack full of mums so the mums would not fall off. Then I would take the palette jack and pick up therack, and load it into the Ford truck. Loading is hard because I have to make sure they go all the way to the back and to the side of the truck. It can't be one inch off otherwise it could hurt the plants (They could rub together) and the racks wouldn't fit side by side. It's a endless cycle, day after day, until all the mums are gone. When the mums are all gone, it's a glorious feel of relief. All the benches had to be cleaned to get ready for poinsettias. Tanya went back to Belarus to live with her real family so I asked my friends if any of them wanted to help and only one said yes. I told my boss and a week later my friend was working with me It was my job to "show him the ropes" with the poinsettias. After he got the hang of things it was smooth sailing, to load poinsetias. We did everything the same as the mums except we put eight plants in