A Critical Evaluation Of The Role Of Public Policy Essay

A critical evaluation of the role of public policy, strategies and initiatives in helping to address alcohol misuse within England In the last 50 years the United Kingdom (UK) has gone from having one of the lowest alcohol consumption levels in Europe to being one of the few countries in Europe where alcohol consumption is actually increasing (Home Office, 2012). In response to this, in March 2012, the Government published its strategy for tackling alcohol misuse in the UK (Home Office, 2012). The WHO had, in 2010, produced a global strategy for tackling alcohol related harm and the Government’s strategy links back to several of the WHO recommendations for national action, for example, tackling pricing, advertising, and availability of alcohol (WHO, 2016). Public health interventions may be delivered at three different levels: structural level, local level, and individual level, and the Government strategy makes recommendations for each of these levels. At the structural level the Government recommends initiatives targeting pricing of alcohol, and its advertising, together with cooperative working with th e alcohol industry to promote more responsible drinking. At the local level, more power is given to local authorities regarding provision of services as well as the licensing of premises, imposing restrictions on the sale of alcohol and a levy on late night trading premises; and at the individual level individuals will be encouraged to drink responsibly and provided withShow MoreRelatedInternal Controls And Internal Control1466 Words   |  6 PagesInternal controls refers to all the policies and the processes used by the management to safeguard the assets of an organization from mysterious loss and to ensure reliability as well as the integrity of the financial information provided by the accounting section (Pickett, 2013). In addition, internal controls work towards ensuring that the management is in possession of accurate, complete, and timely financial information so as to monitor the progress and enhance the business decision making processRead MoreStrategic Process970 Words à ‚  |  4 Pagesthe stages thoroughly investigated against internal and external factors of the organization. The formulation stage is critical in identifying a roadmap for an organization. At this stage, there are usually senior executives or policy makers. Once their work is complete the strategy is cascaded down for implementation usually to line managers and public officials in the case of policy decisions who implement according their understanding and interpretation of the main aims and objectives of the strategyRead MorePhysical Inactivity And Its Impact On Individual Level Behavioral Interventions783 Words   |  4 Pagesprogress in identifying the role of policymaking in creating population-wide health improvements (Brownson et al., 2007; Eyler et al., 2010; Frank Kavage, 2009; Humpel, Owen, Leslie, 2002). Fundamentally, the links between modifying the social and built environment on the determinants and causes of physical inactivity have been solidly established in the e mpirical literature (Kahn et al., 2002). As a result of the increasing evidence of the effectiveness of such public policy interventions, the CenterRead MoreReview of Literature1273 Words   |  6 Pages(Hosseini, Torab, Taghdisi, Vardanjani, 2013). Nurses play a critical role in health promotion for patients, family, and community because we provide direct patient care and are able to see the whole picture of the client’s situation. The population of people with chronic illness is increasing and the health care needs of clients is trending in an upward fashion (Jadelhack, 2012). As members of the health care field, it is critical that nurses take a proactive approach in preventing the increasingRead MoreRoles Of Public And Public Policy1418 Words   |  6 PagesRoles of Public Administrators in the Policy Process The formulation and implementation of public policy benefit the public. Therefore, public policy is a framework whereby the government pursues its action plan. Moreover, it is a course of action aimed at responding to a problem and achieving a goal. Consequently, the formulation of a policy adheres to a particular political process, and it is enforced and implemented by a public agency. As stated, public policy affects the public, meaning thatRead MorePrinciple 3 : Systems Strengthening System Of The Health Care System That Support A Sustainable Routine Immunization Program1550 Words   |  7 Pagesimmunization program. Weak vaccination programs are the result of weak health systems. If the cold chain is not maintained properly, then vaccines cannot be assured to be potent and viable. If proper waste disposal procedures are not in place, then the public is put at unnecessary risk. If training for health workers is inadequate, then children will not receive the vaccines they need at the time they need them and under the conditions they need them. If disease surveillance to understand disease burdenRead MorePolicies and Politics of Government in Charge of a Public Agency646 Words   |  3 PagesPolicies and Politics of Government in Change of a Public Agency: Government policy can be described as the declaration that defines the objective of the priorities and goals of the government. Since these policies outline the rules, role, and procedures, they develop a framework in which the government and its citizens can carry out their specific duties. The public policies are created by all governmental levels and target the entire population or particular groups. The process of developingRead MoreA Fellowship At Schaefer Centre Of Public Policy875 Words   |  4 PagesIt is with great enthusiasm that I apply for a fellowship at Schaefer Centre of Public Policy Insti at the University of Baltimore. After researching a few universities, I found the university appealing for its track record of academic excellence, mentorship and its proximity to Washington DC, the hub of public policy. My inspiration to study public administration stems from, my vision to become an agent of change, a change that will not only better the lives of women and children butRead MorePolicy Officer Personal Statement1059 Words   |  5 PagesPolicy Officer Position Number: 512167 Selection Criteria: Experience in, or the ability to acquire specific knowledge of, the health and human services and government relations and policy development I have worked for approximately 20 years as a government and health care employee and during this time I have researched, reviewed, and authored policies of varying levels of complexity. As a mid-level manager for the Department of Health, I was responsible for leading multiple policy teams responsibleRead MoreRoles Of Advanced Practice Nurses1358 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The roles of advanced practice nurses have been an ongoing debate in many states. In a globalized world, advance nurse leaders are regarded as forefront leaders that provide first-rate healthcare to the public. However, the role of new advanced practice nurses is known to be complex. Advance practice nurses use countless different strategies and nursing theories to improve the wellbeing of their patient. To improve the well being of all patients, there is a growing demand for advance

Renaissance And Reformation, 1350-1600 - 1879 Words

Name: Tutor’s Name: Subject: Date: Renaissance and Reformation, 1350-1600 Renaissance was a time that began in 1300, during the last middle age and ended in during the late 1500s but correctly marked the period of the European history. The word in French meant ‘rebirth’ of the European civilization. The Reformation was the break from the Catholic Church and the birth of Lutheranism or Protestant that was championed by Martin Luther King. The essay will focus on the origin of Renaissance and Reformation explaining the intellectual and artistic renaissance. It will also explain the Protestant Reformation and the spread of Protestant and the Catholic response. The Renaissance The Renaissance began with the emanation of a secular worldview†¦show more content†¦It was successful due to military invasions in Italy, and the end of the war between England and France also that took place over hundreds of years aided people to settle and focus on issues than the conflicts and wars. The Intellectual Renaissance Some of the features that supported the progress of the Renaissance were the intellectual movement, the printing press, music, literature, art, science, economic and society, geography and religion. The printing press demanded the perfect recreation of texts as well as the renovated focus on researching them assisted in triggering the greatest discoveries in the entire history of humanity; printing of movable type (Stephens and John, 2014). Johannes Gutenberg that allowed modern culture to grow developed the printing in 1440. McKay et al. (2011), in the combined volumes depict that the most widespread change in society during this era was the collapse of the feudalism and the rise of the capitalist economy. The Black Death had caused the decrease of labor and increased trade and giving rise to middle-class people working for wages to earn a good living condition, therefore the end of serfdom (Tomlinson and Gary, 3). Rulers also realized that having money could maintain their power by instead of relying on allegiances; they were able to keep more knights in service as well as peasants. Humanistic matters brought back the traditional principles of comedies and tragedies such as the Shakespeare’s work to beShow MoreRelatedThe Impact of Renaissance on the Present1204 Words   |  5 Pagesthe result of cultural and societal changing events, which transpired throughout the years 1350-1600. During the period known today as the â€Å"Renaissance† (1350-1600), the world of art, the boundaries of marriage, and secular viewpoints were forever revolutionized, through the development and spread of â€Å"Renaissance Humanism†, which today, still affects modern day life. (Knox 1999) The Renaissance (1350-1600), named from the French word meaning â€Å"rebirth†, began in Florence Italy, spreading throughRead MoreRenaissance Art And Art953 Words   |  4 Pagesbelieve that art expands during the Renaissance in Europe in 1350 to 1600. Creating changes and effects in literature, philosophy, politics, economic, social, religion, and art. The development that I choose that I felt that help contribute the manufacture of visual culture was Religion. Religion had a big impact in this era, if it wasn’t for religion we would of never experience new beliefs (the type of church), art, and control over society. Before the Renaissance era happens, the Catholic ChurchRead MoreThe Black Death Of Europe1231 Words   |  5 Pagesthat came from this epidemic it would not be seen as such an important part of not only the fourteenth century but in all of history (Benedictow, 2005). For the European society at the time of the black death led many contemporaries against the renaissance to believe that this was â€Å"divine punishment for a misbehaving populace† (Wilson, 2001), meaning that the reason behind the sudden influx of death in Europe was due to the way that society began to change and evolve from the old fashioned contemporaryRead MoreJohn Wycliffe Research Paper1745 Words   |  7 PagesThe Morning Star of Inspiration John Wycliffe was a 14th-century English philosopher, theologian, and religious reformer, whose egalitarian ideas and beliefs laid the foundation for the Protestant Reformation. As Peter W. Williams notes in the World Book Advanced, Wycliffe was born sometime between 1320 and 1330 A.D. in Yorkshire, England, and was educated at Balliol College, University of Oxford (Williams). According to Alessandro Conti in his entry in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, JohnRead More The Forgotten Time of the Middle Ages Essay2171 Words   |  9 PagesUniversity. He is noted for his studies about the history of culture and science of Renaissance Europe. In his paper, Dating history: the Renaissance the reformation of chronology, he first talked about the science of geography that was revolutionized by European explorers in the fifteenth and sixteenth century. As Grafton argued that â€Å"While the western understanding of geography expanded during the Renaissance, then, the traditional da ting of the past and future remained curiously narrow-mindedRead MoreEssay on Economic Effects of the Black Plague in England1748 Words   |  7 Pagesfordham.edu/halsall/seth/ordinance- labourers.asp Thrisk, Joan, Alternative Agriculture : A History From the Black Death to the Present Day Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. Wilson, Norman J., World Eras: The European Renaissance and Reformation (1350-1600), Detroit, Mich: Gale Group, 2001. Read MoreThe Medieval Period in England3460 Words   |  14 Pagesoverview of the Medieval period The term Medieval derives from the Latin words medium aevum meaning the Middle Ages. The Middle Ages are so called as the middle period between the decline of the Roman Empire and prior to the period called the Renaissance. The early Middle Ages are often referred to as the Dark Ages. The period and era of the Medieval times span 1066 - 1485. [pic] [pic] The Medieval Times encompass one of the most turbulent periods in the History of England and scatter the MedievalRead MoreBranches of Philosophy8343 Words   |  34 Pagesthe word sophist (from sophoi), which was used to describe wise men, teachers of rhetoric, who were important in Athenian democracy. The history of philosophy is customarily divided into six periods: Ancient philosophy, Medieval philosophy, Renaissance philosophy, Early and Late Modern philosophy and Contemporary philosophy. [edit] Ancient philosophy (c. 600 B.C.–c. A.D. 500) |[pic] |Constructs such as ibid., op. cit. and loc. cit. are discouraged by Wikipedias style guide for footnotes

Acadamic Misconduct Free Essays

Academic misconduct is described as academic integrity violation for the unfair advantage of oneself or unfair academic advantage or disadvantage to others in academic community, academic misconduct can be a plagiarism, cheating, and collusion but not limited. The other academic misconduct activities such as not obeying academic staff directions regarding assessments and group work submissions, falsifying reports, having/spreading examination materials without unit teacher permission, arranging someone to do assessment work all these included as academic misconduct. If an allegation arises towards a student and if it’s proven in an investigation then student has to face penalties under student academic misconduct policy. We will write a custom essay sample on Acadamic Misconduct or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this essay we going to discuss in brief about plagiarism, cheating, collusion and academic misconduct procedural process depending on minor or substantial misconduct when allegations arise and appeal for the student. As per UWS policy Plagiarism is defined as an â€Å"act of presenting material as one’s own without appropriate acknowledgement that constitutes plagiarism, not the intension of the student when doing so†, for example when student submits work in which words or ideas are presented as their own as intentional or unintentional without proper acknowledgment of the original author such as website, other students work, lecture, journal article or book. Cheating is described as any attempt to give or obtain assistance in a formal academic exercise such as examination, without due acknowledgment such as speaking to other students during examination, carrying any information materials such as textbooks, using electronics devices such as mobile, Bluetooth any other items which are prohibited by examination supervisor. Collusion is where two or more people engage in plagiarism, cheating or encourage others to do so. According to UWS Academic misconduct policy there are Minor misconduct and substantial misconduct. A Minor misconduct is determine by the university as a minimal threat to integrity of the student assessment in writing such as lack of referencing or academic requirements. A substantial misconduct is determine by the university as a major threat to integrity such as, when a student repeats minor misconduct activities intentionally, any allegations in the examination and any allegations related to collusion. In the process of investigating the allegations unit teacher, unit coordinator, Dean, school academic committee and student academic committee will be involved. in the first stage of Investigation process and hearing of academic misconduct, If unit teacher or examination supervisor believe that there is any academic misconduct happened, and they have evidence or reasons to support, teacher of the unit will report to unit coordinator with relevant documentation by signed copy or email, then with in five working days unit coordinator will send copy of allegation to the Dean. The dean, will advise unit coordinator to do investigation, and then unit coordinator and unit teacher decides to do further investigation, unit teacher will notify the student and invite for meeting in writing by post and email. Student can attend meeting with fellow student or university academic staff member or a student welfare officer. Meeting will be organised between 8 – 15 working days after on invitation letter despatch date. Student must respond to the invitation with in seven working days date of despatch whether he / she will attend the meeting or not. The decision will be made on the allegation even in the student absence. If unit coordinator decides that the allegation is not substantial he / she will dismiss it. Other penalties like refer to academic counselling, student require to re-submit assessment task after re-submission unit coordinator makes a decision on the marks and grades student may get zero marks. If the unit coordinator determine its substantial he/ she will be referred to relevant dean for decision. After going through all the process as discussed earlier in which case the unit coordinator will send the invitation letter to student for meeting with dean. After meeting if dean decides it’s not substantial dean will dismiss the allegation. When dean decides the allegations substantial then dean can penalise student such as recommend to counselling, ask for re-submission of work, if required student has to sit for exam again, dean will decide marks and grades. If dean judges that the allegation very substantial or too serious then dean refers that allegation to SAC (student academic committee). After going all the process as discussed above, student will have meeting with SAC members. After meeting if SAC decides if allegation are true it will take any action of dean penalties or combination of them, or suspend the student from university minimum period of 6months not more than 12 months, or dismiss the student for minimum of 12 months not more than 24 months in this case student has to apply for readmission or SAC can suspend the student permanently from the university. A student can appeal against the unit coordinators decision when student considers that the decision was made against the procedural fairness or when student not agreeing with allegations or when student considers that there is a substantial new evidence which was not available previously to unit coordinator or when student considers the penalty imposed by unit coordinator was too severe. Student must appeal within 15 days with evidence in writing to dean from the date of the letter advising of unit coordinators decision. It is the responsibility of every student to respect and obey the policy of UWS for academic misconduct to maintain academic integrity among academic community, when allegations were proven the student has to face severe penalties imposed by university academic committee besides the appeal options for student, The best option for students is to work hard on their own and get help when needed from academic teachers before submitting any academic work. 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A Comparison Of Biographic Features In The Sun Also Rises And The Grea Essay Example For Students

A Comparison Of Biographic Features In The Sun Also Rises And The Grea Essay t GatsbyTrevor BenderMrs. WatkinsAP Lit. and CompApril 12th, 2001The writers F. Scott Fitzgerald and Ernest Hemingway included biographical information in their novels The Great Gatsby and The Sun Also Rises that illuminated the meaning of the work. Although The Sun Also Rises is more closely related to actual events in Hemingways life than The Great Gatsby was to events in Fitzgeralds life, they both take the same approach. They both make use of non-judgemental narrators to comment on the lost generation. This narrator allows Fitzgerlald and Hemingway to write about their own society. Fitzgerlald comments on the jaded old-wealth society of the Eastern United States and the corruption of the American Dream. Hemingway comments on the effects of World War I on the lost generation and the hope for the future in the next generation. By adding biographical features into their novels both Fitzgerald and Hemingway are able to give their novels that extra depth because the plot of the novels are more realistic and accurately reflect the society of the times. The story in Fitzgeralds book contains basic ideas from his life, not nessesarily actual events. Several characters have biographical characterization and the novel reflects his own experiences. Hemingways novel, however, is almost entirely based on actual events that happened to Hemingway and a group of his friends. This enhances the realism of The Sun Also Rises. Fitzgerald and The Great GatsbyIn his novel, The Great Gatsby Francis Scott Fitzgerald includes many autobiographical features to enhance and illuminate the themes of the work. Certain main characters like Daisy Buchannon, Jay Gatsby, and the narrator Nick Carraway are representations of actual people from Fitzgeralds life. Fitzgerald makes use of a non-judgemental narrator to simply give the details and leave the anylasis to the reader. However, based on the details, the narrators conclusions are relatively evident. In this novel, Fitzgerald is able to write about his experiences from a different perspective and include his self in both the characters of Jay Gatsby and Nick Carraway. As in many of Fitzgeralds works, he writes about a golden girl1), the desire of every man that he couldnt have. In the case of The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald creates the character of Daisy to fit this discription. In actuality the motivation for Fitzgeralds writing about the golden girl came from real events. Ginevra King was the love of young life.2) In Ginevras eyes, however, Fitzgerald was simply one of the many men in her young life and when it came time she dropped him.3)Most importantly, however, his rejection by Ginevra motivated much of his fiction.4) In The Great Gatsby, Daisy is shown by the end to be a very careless and confused who smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness and let other people clean up the mess they had made.5) This statement from the novel relates to Fitzgeralds own fealings for Ginevra who used him, then dropped him when it came time leaving Francis devastated.6) This rejection shaped Fitzgeralds view of women in general and thus affected his characterization of women. The romance between Fitzgerald and Ginevra King is also given meaning in The Great Gatsby as Ginevra King and Fitzgerald himself came from different social worlds just as Daisy and young poor Gatsby did. In both situations, the woman came from the aristocratic old money rich and the guys were respectivly poor in comparison. Fitzgerald, later in life, was from the middle class and in this way can be compared to the narrator, Nick Carraway. His social situation was the same and this perspective of the relationships between the rich and poor allowed Fitzgerald to write of his own experiences with Ginevra King. As Fitzgerald himself puts it, The whole idea of Gatsby is the unfairness of a poor young man not being able to marry a girl with money.1) An independent percpective of the relationship from the middle class allows Fitzgerald to accomplish this. Nick Carraway is the voice of Fitzgeralds rational self.2) In expressions in the novel, Fitzgerald gives light to his rational self. Thats my Middle West not the wheat or the prairies or the lost Swede towns, but the thrilling returning trains of my youth, and the street lamps and sleigh bells in the frosty dark and shadows of holly wreaths thrown by lighted windows on the snow. I am part of that, a little solemn with the feel of those long winters . . . I see now that this has been a story of the West, after all Tom and Gatsby, Daisy and Jordan and I, were all Westerners, and perhaps we possessed some deficiency in common which made us subtly unadaptable to Eastern life.3)Fitzgerald himself took trains back to the Mid-West at christmas time to celebrate and party.4) In this passage Fitzgerald also tells the truth about his views of Eastern rich society, where he didnt fit in. Landing EssayPedro Romero was developed as one of the main characters in The Sun Also Rises. Interestingly, Pedro was named after the famous eighteenth-century matador Pedro Romero.3) The Pedro from the novel fights in the old manner just as the real Pedro Romero would. His character however, was not based on the real Pedro, but instead a nineteen-year-old matador named Cayetano Ordonez, described as being slim and straight as an arrow.4) More importantly Ordonez, like both the Pedro from the novel and the real Pedro Romero, fought in the old manner and on several bulls he killed recibiendo and was hailed as the Messiah who had come to save bullfighting.5) Pedro Romero was an important symbol of hope in the novel. Ordonez, thinly disquized as Pedro Romero, was beginning to dominate the book6) Another important character in the book, Brett, was based on a real life participant in Hemingways Pamplona, Duff Twysden. Brett and Robert Cohn go on a trip together where they romanced toget her unknown to anyone else. Similarly, Harold Loeb (Robert Cohn) told Ernest that he wanted to relax by the sea at St. Jean-de-Luz before joining the others at Burgette. What he did not reveal was that he had persuaded Duff Twysden to spend a week with him in consummation of their romance.1) He didnt tell Ernest because he was afraid that Ernest might be jealous of learning that Harold had spent a week with Duff. Brett is similar physically to Duff as well. Like Brett, she wore a mans felt hat.2) The scene where Brett recieved the bulls ear from Pedro actually happened, just not to her parallel Duff Twysden. Ordonez gave the ear to Hemingways wife Hadley. She wraped it up in a handkerchief of Don Stewarts, and stored it in a bureau drawer at the pension. As it gradually ripened in the heat of July, Ernest argued that she must either throw it away or cut it up to send in letters to her friends in St. Louis.3) This same event happens in the novel to Brett, who is picked from the crowd by Pedro and presented with the ear as a prize. Similarly as his counterpart Robert Cohn in the novel, Harold Loeb was treated as an outcast due to his relationship with Duff and his constant following her around. In the novel, Mike constantly brandishes Robert with remarks about how he is not wanted and how can he not see that. In Hemingways actual trip, Harold Loeb and Duff slipped away for a drink in one of the small cafes and ended up in a Spanish clubroom where she refused to leave and Harold was forced to leave alone. The next day over the brandy that night, Guthrie suddenly told Harold to get out: he was not wanted.4) Ernest also exploded on him, You lousy bastard, running to a woman. Even while in Spain, Ernest Hemingway began writing The Sun Also Rises, at that time entitled, Fiesta.5) Originally the story was started in Pamplona at the Hotel Montoya, where the characters Jake Barnes and Bill meet Pedro Romero. Later, Hemingway changed the introduction to a start with Paris to provide biographical backgrounds for Brett Ashley, Mike Campbell, and Robert Cohn.1) There is no mistaking that the novel was based on Ernests third trip to Pamplona with a company of his friends and his wife. ConclusionBy providing biographical information in their novels The Great Gatsby and The Sun Also Rises, both F. Scott Fitzgerald and Ernest Hemingway are able to enhance the meaning of their work and provide extra credibility and realism into their plot. Fitzzgerald takes a rejection from his life and uses that idea to expand off from to write a social commentary on the corruption of the American Dream by the old-rich of the Eastern United States. Hemingway takes actual events from his life and used that as a basis for the plot of his novel. This enhanced the theme by describing the effect of World War I on Hemingways generation. English Essays